Body-Pin Rigidity

1.4. Pin capacity and the partition condition🔗

Definition1.4.1
Group: The combinatorial data of a body–pin framework, the rigidity operator, and the two sides of the equivalence. (5)
Group member previews
Preview
Definition 1.1.1
Loading preview
Group member preview content is loaded from the Blueprint HTML cache.
uses 0
Used by 2
Reverse dependency previews
Preview
Definition 1.4.2
Loading preview
Reverse dependency preview content is loaded from the Blueprint HTML cache.
✓L∃∀N

The capped rank contribution of a bundle of n pins joining two blocks is c(0) = 0, c(1) = 3, c(2) = 5, and c(n) = 6 for n \ge 3. (Zheng, 2026, Equation 1.1)

Lean code for Definition1.4.1●1 definition
  • complete
    def RB31E2E.pinCapacity : ℕ → ℕ
    def RB31E2E.pinCapacity : ℕ → ℕ
    The capped rank contribution of a bundle of body--pin occurrences. 
/-- The capped rank contribution of a bundle of body--pin occurrences. -/ def pinCapacity : ℕ → ℕ | 0 => 0 | 1 => 3 | 2 => 5 | _ => 6

One shared pin forces two bodies to agree at a point, which is three constraints. Two distinct shared pins leave a relative rotation about the line through them, so five. Three noncollinear shared pins remove all six relative degrees of freedom. The cap at six is the dimension of the group of rigid motions of \R^3, so no bundle can ever do better. Figure 1 of Zheng (2026) shows the three maximum-rank cases; in the redrawing below, the shaded regions are the two bodies and the black points their shared pins.

Jackson et al. (2026), Section 7.2 state the same criterion with the same \ell_H notation and the same four cases. On the value 5, Király and Tanigawa (2019), Conjecture 5 observe that replacing it by 6 would turn the criterion into the Tutte–Nash-Williams condition for 3G to contain six edge-disjoint spanning trees.

Definition1.4.2
Group: The combinatorial data of a body–pin framework, the rigidity operator, and the two sides of the equivalence. (5)
Group member previews
Preview
Definition 1.1.1
Loading preview
Group member preview content is loaded from the Blueprint HTML cache.
Statement uses 2
Statement dependency previews
Preview
Definition 1.1.1
Loading preview
Statement dependency preview content is loaded from the Blueprint HTML cache.
Used by 4
Reverse dependency previews
Preview
Theorem 1.5.2
Loading preview
Reverse dependency preview content is loaded from the Blueprint HTML cache.
✓L∃∀N

Every partition of the bodies into t nonempty blocks satisfies

\sum_{1 \le i < j \le t} \ell_H(P_i, P_j) \ge 6(t - 1).

(Zheng, 2026, Equation 1.2, formally A.2)

Lean code for Definition1.4.2●2 definitions
  • complete
    def RB31E2E.BodyPinIncidence.partitionCapacity
      (H : RB31E2E.BodyPinIncidence) {t : ℕ} (π : H.Body → Fin t) : ℕ
    def RB31E2E.BodyPinIncidence.partitionCapacity
      (H : RB31E2E.BodyPinIncidence) {t : ℕ}
      (π : H.Body → Fin t) : ℕ
    The capacity sum over unordered distinct block pairs.  This is the
    literal left hand side of the body--pin partition conjecture.
    
  • complete
    def RB31E2E.BodyPinIncidence.PartitionCondition
      (H : RB31E2E.BodyPinIncidence) : Prop
    def RB31E2E.BodyPinIncidence.PartitionCondition
      (H : RB31E2E.BodyPinIncidence) : Prop
    The body--pin partition condition, expressed through surjective block
    labels.  Surjectivity says that all `t` labels are actual blocks.  For
    an empty body type the sole zero-block partition is included and the
    natural-number right hand side is zero.
    
/-- The capacity sum over unordered distinct block pairs. This is the literal left hand side of the body--pin partition conjecture. -/ def BodyPinIncidence.partitionCapacity (H : BodyPinIncidence) {t : ℕ} (π : H.Body → Fin t) : ℕ := ∑ b ∈ (⊤ : SimpleGraph (Fin t)).edgeFinset, pinCapacity (H.unorderedBundleMultiplicity π b)/-- The body--pin partition condition, expressed through surjective block labels. Surjectivity says that all `t` labels are actual blocks. For an empty body type the sole zero-block partition is included and the natural-number right hand side is zero. -/ def BodyPinIncidence.PartitionCondition (H : BodyPinIncidence) : Prop := ∀ (t : ℕ) (π : H.Body → Fin t), Function.Surjective π → 6 * (t - 1) ≤ H.partitionCapacity π

The formalization indexes partitions by surjections \pi : W \to [t] rather than by set partitions, and writes the right-hand side as 6 * (t - 1) over \N, where truncated subtraction gives the paper's \max\{t - 1, 0\}. Both conventions have the same effect: the empty body set and the one-block case are covered by the definition itself instead of needing separate treatment.

The paper's unordered pairs i < j are the edges of the complete graph on [t], and partitionCapacity sums over exactly that edge set, (⊤ : SimpleGraph (Fin t)).edgeFinset. A second, ordered convention — orderedPartitionCapacity, summing each unordered pair twice against the doubled bound 12(t-1) — is defined alongside it and never used in the main theorem; the paper has only the unordered one.

For a two-block partition \{A, B\} the inequality reduces to \ell_H(A, B) \ge 6. So at least three pins must join the two blocks; one or two pins have capacities only 3 or 5.